A Cold Drawing Machine is a tool used for reducing the diameter of metal rods, typically from round to other shapes. The process is a form of deformation that affects the mechanical properties of the alloy such as its strength and toughness. This is because it produces work hardening, though the effect can be removed by heat treatment. The diameter of the rods produced by this process is controlled by the size and shape of the die that is used.
A modern auto cold drawing machine can make these tasks much easier and faster for manufacturers, helping them save time and resources while still producing high-quality products. The machine can also help prevent the formation of cracks or other defects in the rods, ensuring that the end products will be free of imperfections. Unlike traditional drawing machines, which have been around for centuries, this type of machine uses a computer program to guide the operation.
The automatic cold drawing machine consists of a loading and feeding machine, a hydraulic push pointer, and a draw bench with discharging arms. This chain-type machine can be used to draw a variety of metal rods, including brass and mild steel. It is also able to draw different shapes of tubes and bars. It can even draw linear guideways and other symmetrical metal bars.
Compared to the hot rolling process, cold drawing is less expensive and requires minimal energy. This is because the process does not involve any heating of the raw materials. However, the drawing process does cause some changes in the material’s properties, such as a change in its tensile and yield strengths. The changes in these qualities depend on the technological parameters of the process, such as the amount of cold working, the drawing speed, and the die half-angle.
The main functions of a cold drawing machine are to reduce the diameter and shape of the wire, which is accomplished by passing it through a series of different dies. In order to control the size and shape of the material, it is necessary to perform a number of cold drawings, which must be carefully calibrated in terms of the lubricant used and the amount of force applied. The lubricant can be wet or dry, depending on the requirements of the manufacturing process.
The first step in the cold drawing process is calamine stripping, which removes a layer of iron from the rod. This makes it easier and more fluid for the drawing machine to pull the rod through the dies. The second step is the cold drawing itself, which uses various dies to control the diameter of the metal. Finally, the annealing step is needed to improve the quality of the rod and remove any residual stresses from the cold drawing process. This is a critical step, as the strength of the finished product depends on the quality of the annealing process.